By Martin Wegener
Following the start of the laser in 1960, the sector of "nonlinear optics" quickly emerged.
Today, laser intensities and pulse periods are on hand, for which the suggestions and approximations of conventional nonlinear optics now not practice. during this regime of "extreme nonlinear optics," a wide number of novel and weird results come up, for instance frequency doubling in inversion symmetric fabrics or high-harmonic new release in gases, which can result in attosecond electromagnetic pulses or pulse trains. different examples of "extreme nonlinear optics" hide varied components equivalent to solid-state physics, atomic physics, relativistic loose electrons in a vacuum or even the vacuum itself.
This publication starts off with an creation to the sector dependent totally on extensions of 2 recognized textbook examples, particularly the Lorentz oscillator version and the Drude version. right here the extent of class can be available to any undergraduate physics pupil. Many graphical illustrations and examples are given. the subsequent chapters steadily consultant the scholar in the direction of the present "state of the artwork" and supply a accomplished evaluate of the sphere. each bankruptcy is observed via routines to deepen the reader's figuring out of significant issues, with certain options on the finish of the book.
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Extra resources for Extreme Nonlinear Optics: An Introduction
Example text
If this voltage signal is fed into an RF spectrum analyzer, the RF power spectrum SRF (f ) versus RF frequency f is measured. 49) . 50) Nφ =−∞ Nr =0 2 r−1 U2 = 0 2π INr e i2πf Nr tr 2 +∞ × e i2πf Nφ tφ . 51) with integer M. This means that the RF power spectrum consists of a series of δ-peaks at integer multiples of the CEO frequency fφ . , by 2 r−1 INr ei2πf Nr tr Nr =0 2 r−1 = INr ei2π M fφ Nr tr Nr =0 2 r−1 = INr ei2π MNr /r . 52) 26 2 Selected Aspects of Few-Cycle Laser Pulses and Nonlinear Optics In general, some of the peaks with label M may not occur because they have zero height.
This peak becomes the most prominent feature in the optical spectrum for (d) where R /ω0 = 2. Let us have a closer look at this frequency-doubling contribution in Fig. 76. Fixing the transition frequency to /ω0 = 2 in (b), allows us to study the dependence on the carrier-envelope offset phase φ. On the LHS and RHS of the spectrometer frequency ω/ω0 = 2, a modulation versus φ with a period of π can be seen. We already suspect that both contributions arise as a result of the interference of the fundamental and the third-harmonic, giving rise to a difference in phase of 2φ, hence to a beat period of π (rather than 2π ).
6(a) – (c), this white curve is qualitatively well described by the phenomenological off-resonant perturbative selfphase modulation and third-harmonic generation discussed in Sect. 4. For yet larger Rabi frequencies, however, the behavior changes here as well and a peak evolves at a spectrometer frequency ω/ω0 = 2. This peak becomes the most prominent feature in the optical spectrum for (d) where R /ω0 = 2. Let us have a closer look at this frequency-doubling contribution in Fig. 76. Fixing the transition frequency to /ω0 = 2 in (b), allows us to study the dependence on the carrier-envelope offset phase φ.