By Jonathan D. Ellis
This [i]Field advisor [/i]provides a pragmatic therapy of the elemental thought of displacement measuring interferometry, with examples of interferometry platforms and makes use of. It outlines alignment options for optical parts, sign processing structures for section measurements, and laser stabilization for homodyne and heterodyne resources. the concept that of displacement dimension uncertainty is mentioned with a realistic instance of calculating uncertainty budgets. For training engineers, this [i]Field consultant [/i]will function a refresher guide for blunders assets and uncertainty budgets. For researchers, it is going to deliver new perception to the way this know-how could be invaluable of their box. for brand spanking new engineers, researchers, and scholars, it is going to additionally function an advent into simple alignment innovations for breadboard-based optical platforms
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Sample text
A separate beamsplitter and detector (PDr) can measure the laser power fluctuations and can be used for correcting errors by normalizing the optical power seen at PDm. Retroreflector homodyne interferometer advantages: • Reference and measurement targets are tilt insensitive. • System is insensitive to straightness errors if sufficient beam overlap occurs at the detector. • System is insensitive to laser power fluctuations if irradiance is normalized. Retroreflector homodyne interferometer disadvantages: • System is sensitive to stray light, even if irradiance is normalized.
Direction-sensitive homodyne disadvantages: • Additional optical components are needed prior to detection. • Polarization axis misalignment can cause nanometerlevel errors. • System requires two detectors per single measurement axis. org/terms Basic Interferometry Systems 29 Homodyne Laser Encoder Commercial homodyne systems are often called homodyne laser encoders due to their similarity to linescale or rotary encoders. The key component in a homodyne laser encoder is the phase-sensitive detector, which is actually a series of photodetectors that typically measure four different phases of the interference signal.
Four separate phases of the interference signal are used for three reasons: (1) to provide directional sensitivity, (2) to limit the effects of stray light, and (3) to have a common phase quadrature signal output that is commonly used in stage feedback systems. The four measured phases are 0, 90, 180, and 270 deg. The 0- and 180-deg phases and the 90- and 270-deg phases are separated into pairs and differenced. The purpose of differencing the opposite phase signals is to cause common mode fluctuations such as stray light to drop out and to increase the signal amplitude.