By S. Vanheule
This booklet seriously evaluates the 5th version of the Diagnostic and Statistical guide of psychological problems (DSM-5). via research of the background of psychiatric analysis and of the instruction manual itself, it argues that the DSM-5 has a slim biomedical method of psychological issues, and proposes a brand new contextualizing version of psychological healthiness signs.
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Additional info for Diagnosis and the DSM: A Critical Review
Example text
It was still present but veiled under a naturalizing discourse that was henceforth used to explain madness (Kirsher, 2009). As a consequence, in Foucault’s (1965, p. ” In his view, psychiatry did not arise because medical doctors had suddenly discovered an underlying biomedical reality that could be linked to the behaviors of the so-called insane. On the contrary, psychiatry came into existence as it brought its own object into being: disciplinary practices first delineated a group of outcasts that were amenable for adaptation to society, and later defined them as proper objects for scientific study: “What we call psychiatric practice is a certain moral tactic contemporary with the end of the eighteenth century, preserved in the rites of asylum life, and overlaid by the myths of positivism” (Foucault, 1965, p.
82). In terms of Szasz’s (1961) own theory, such bold assertions are “rule-breaking communications,” which have a predictable effect: the establishment was offended and Szasz’s point was completely lost in the midst of all the commotion. Indeed, for many, his message was likely taken as pure heresy. Nevertheless, it is arguable that more than half a century later, many of the points Szasz put forward still hold true. If one accepts, as Szasz (1961) assumed, “that illness involves a deviation from the normal anatomical or physiological structure and functioning of the human body,” one could conclude, as Hanna Pickard (2009, p.
In this section I review this presumption, focusing on key reliability studies concerning the DSM-III as well as subsequent editions of the manual. Given our focus on the statistical kappa coefficient the following section is quite technical. However, a careful understanding of important psychometric studies published over the past 25 years is key to evaluating the claim that since the DSM-III great progress has been made at the level of reliability. We will start by looking at the initial reliability study that was conducted for the DSM-III and then look more closely at the DSM-5 field trial.